[Four-Piece Detailed Vertebral Model Set]: This model comprises four full-scale, two-piece vertebral models, each illustrating distinct pathological states: normal condition, “bulging” disc herniation, degenerative changes in bone and disc tissue, and advanced osteoporosis. [Teaching Tool]: Highly detailed intervertebral discs clearly demonstrate lumbar spine pathologies, with limbs that disassemble quickly and easily. The torso section also separates conveniently, facilitating more comprehensive teaching to help students or researchers understand the pathological process of lumbar disc injury. [Medical Aid]: This degenerative lumbar disc model serves as a visual teaching aid for anatomy and physiology courses, professional orthopedics, chiropractic medicine, sports medicine, and rehabilitation therapy. It can be used for patient education and surgical procedure demonstrations. [Superior Quality]: Crafted from premium PVC material, it offers exceptional durability and longevity, suitable for frequent use in anatomy and physiology courses. [Multi-Disciplinary Application]: Suitable for orthopedists, rheumatologists, chiropractors, and researchers, supporting interdisciplinary anatomical demonstrations and patient education.